Syntax as a tool of The Man

posted by Rob on February 11, 2008 09:01 AM

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For no particular reason, I've written the colonial pronoun you'all a couple of times lately. It's often written y'all, but all the Midwesterners I know who use it, say it you'all. Just in case you don't know about this, I thought I'd tell you why it's a handy pronoun and how it relates to non-standard English-speakers who say you was rather than you were (shortly before they get a clip round the ear for same, if they're young enough). You know, just in case you care about such things.

We used to use you the same way some 'merkans use you'all. It was a plural pronoun which took over from thee*. The singular was thou. Look at how nice and neat that makes the use of auxiliaries:

I was

Thou was

He/She was

We were

You were

They were

But then posh folk stopped saying thou and made you do double duty. They still said you were, but they said it when they were talking about something singular. This seemed illogical to everyone who wasn't posh. But posh people get to say what's standard and what's not**. So these days we have what looks very much like the plural form of the auxiliary, were, used with the singular as well as the plural pronoun:

I was

You were

He/She was

We were

You were

They were

I'm sure many of you know this stuff, but still, whenever I hear people being told off for not talking 'properly', when all they're doing is maintaining the logical and historically well-established forms of their dialect it does make me think there's a bit of elitism going on.


*I haven't seen this written anywhere, but I've just assumed this change was lead by those bilingual in French, and that you is an anglicised vous (and later tu). Anyone want to tell me I'm wrong?

**Again I'm guessing, but I wonder if using were for a singular was easier for the sorts of folks who like to drink claret and talk in the subjunctive, where, as you know, we say things like If I were to... - those of us who don't feel silly and say If I was to... instead. You may recall my flippant thoughts on that subject from here.

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Comments: 4


As someone who learned Latin, not to mention Greek (bit of an age give away there!) English Grammar is very much about elitism , but then where would be be without it? (Grammar that is!)
AliB


When you say it's an age giveaway, you're not hinting that you learned from native speakers are you? Seriously, though, my lack of foreign language skills is something that always makes me feel like a thickie. I keep sitting down to learn Latin and then I wake up and find many hours have passed.


I've looked at the Cambridge Latin course and it's like latin has changed while I wasn't looking. I wouldn't worry if it doesn't appeal, just try something else. Grammar like rest of language is always poised in struggle between conservative/reactionary elements and rebels/innovators. Everything changes (witness French despite the Ac Francais) but some stability is good, or else communication goes out of the window!


I was raised by Southern parents, so y'all is part of my everyday speech, and you're right, it's extremely useful. I don't know if the two words, pronounced correctly, "you all" is regularly used in the UK, but here it's used in non-Southern parts of the country for the plural you, or "vosotros". But not often. Most often, "you" and confusion rule.

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